GREEK
In time, race and culture, the ancient Greeks are the closest to modern Europeans of any of the civilizations thus far reviewed. Keep in mind that the first people in Greece were Pelasgians and Lemnians and these were Turanian peoples as shown by Polat Kaya, M. Sc. E. E. who translated the Pelasgian and Lemnian Tablets. The later Greeks were Ionians and then Achaeans. Even later the Dorians arrived and with their arrival began the slow deterioration of Hellenic (Greek) culture. The Renaissance was the rediscovery of classical Greek culture in Europe but the Arabs retained much of the knowledge of the Greeks long before that, so they will be included here. For example, medieval Arabs knew of the invisible companion to Sirius, calling the star "weight."
Even while forgotten in medieval Europe, the cult of Isis persisted through the Neo Platonic philosophers such as Proclus (410-485 AD) and even in an underground form during the Christian dark ages. In such figures and organizations as Giordano Bruno, John Dee, Knights Templar, and even Madame Blavatsky, figures wrongly associated with witchcraft, Satanism, mysticism, heresy, etc. Blavatsky called it the Secret Doctrine and wrongly lumped it in with the DT either partially imparted to her by someone in India, or misunderstood by her, or deliberately distorted by her. At any rate, therein is the same error Robert Temple makes believing there to be only one teaching or tradition instead of two in the most ancient world. Temple conflates the DT with the FT; Blavatsky incorporates the FT with the DT thinking there is but one great tradition. One might say that the highest initiates do know both traditions, but they'd never make the errors these people made and garble them up into a confusion.
Blavatsky does correctly trace the tradition back to the secret doctrines of the Pythagoreans who swore oaths of secrecy, penalty being death. Such secrets even included the precise value and manner of computing the golden section or Phi, a transcendental mathematical value. Recall that the "fish men" were thought by the Dogons to have taught men all arts and sciences, including mathematics. The Great Tradition in Western Europe traces itself back through Plato, through the Greek theology, to the secret doctrines of the Pythagoreans, back still to the Orphics who were taught by Orpheus, who was taught by his mother Calliope, who was an initiate in the Near Eastern or Mesopotamian mysteries taught to mankind by the Oannes. There is also a tradition that these trace to the Idaean Dactyls of the East (not to the Oannes). There is also a tradition that Pythagoras was taught by Pherecydes, who had access to secret Phoenician books. The point I'd like to make is that the Orphic knowledge had both FT and DT/LT The Pythagoreans are all DT/ LT! Proclus himself observed Egyptian holy days at his own late date, and practiced various Chaldean or later Babylonian rites such as the rite of Hecate. Proclus used the title of Horus, Guardian of the Gates, for Hecate, calling Hecate "Mother of the Gods," an ancient title of Isis. Hecate literally means 100 (2 X 50, the period of Sirius B's orbit).
Plutarch, in his book "Isis and Osiris," informs us that among the Greeks many things are done which are similar to the Egyptian ceremonies in the shrines of Isis, and they do them at about the same time.
Julian the Emperor, called "the Apostate" for his efforts to exterminate the new religion of Christianity, wrote a book "Against the Christians" in which he defends the pagan knowledge against Christians who condemned it. In this book he mentions the Chaldeans as obtaining their wisdom from disciples of Oannes and of Belus. He also mentions the tens of thousands of Greeks who have the wisdom from Cheiron, who initiated them into the mysteries of nature and knowledge of divine things.
As mentioned in the Dogon section, the Libyan Garamantians imparted their knowledge to the Dogon. In Greek mythology, Gaia (earth goddess) gave birth to Garamus after whom these Libyans are named. They occupied the Oasis of Djudo, south of the Fezzan, and were conquered by the Romans in 19 BC. They are said to have been of Kushite Berber stock, later subdued by the matriarchal Lemta Berbers in the 2nd century BC. They later fused with Negro aborigines on the south bank of the Upper Niger and adopted their language. This bank is the home of the Dogon. In Greek mythology, the 50 Argonauts were blown off course to Libya, and stranded there awhile. Herodotus, the greatest Greek historian, connects the Argonauts and their leader Jason's visit to Libya to the foundation in Libya of a hundred Grecian cities. Oracular versus from the oracle of Delphi prompted the sending of a Greek colony to Libya. Thus Garamantians who knew the Sirius Mystery came from Greece to Libya and then south to Libyan oasis of the Sahara, then further southwest past the Sahara to Timbuktu and the region of the Dogon, to mingle with them. Thus the Dogon were the physical or biological descendents of the Argonauts or Lemnians. The Athenians uttered cries in honor of Athena of "olulu" or "ololu," which were believed to have been borrowed from an area of Libya, which had a shrine of Ammon.
Athena had 50 offspring, the Pallantids.
The Argo is the constellation depicting the boat of the Argonauts. It has fifty stars, including Canopus. Sirius lies between Argo and Orion. In Greek mythology, the fifty daughters of Danaus, a Pelasgian (i.e., Ural Altaic) were transported from Egypt to Greece (Rhodes) on the Argo. Hercules or Herakles (earlier name) is repeatedly connected with the Sirius lore, as when he lay with these 50 daughters of King Thespius for 50 nights running. Thespius or Thestios means divinely sounding.
Another important link between the later Semitic Egyptian world and the Greek world was Cadmus, a Phoenician warrior, and his tribe. He spoke a Semitic tongue and is credited with creating the alphabet in Greece that is more well known today, when he landed at Rhodes, about 1550 BC, where he built a temple to Poseidon with an hereditary priesthood. He also left one at Thera on his sea journeys.
Cadmus's mother was Telephassa, which means far shiner. Cadmus's father was Agenor, son of Poseidon and Belus's twin, so his grandfather was Poseidon, god of the seas. His mother was also called Argiope. When Cadmus's mother died unexpectedly on one of his journeys, he proceeded to the oracle at Delphi to ask where his lost sister Europe was. The Pythoness who speaks through the oracle advised him to give up this search and instead to follow a cow named Io (Egyptian Hathor) and build a city where it sank down in weariness. This became Greek Thebes as distinct from the great Thebes of ancient Egypt. (See Egyptian section where people would leave Egypt when the religion and traditions changed.) At the spot where Io sank down, Cadmus made a temple to Athena, calling her by her Phoenician name Onga. Cadmus ordered the cow sacrificed and sent for water from the spring of Ares. But a great Serpent guarded the water and killed most of Cadmus's men. Cadmus took vengeance, crushing the serpent's head with a rock. Athena then appeared at the cow sacrifice, praising Cadmus for killing the serpent, ordering him to sow the serpent's teeth in the ground. When he did so, armed men or Sparti (meaning sown men) sprang up. Cadmus threw a stone among them, provoking them to accuse and brawl with each other as to who threw it. Only five survived: Echion, Udaeus, Cthonius, Hyperenor, and Pelorus, who became attached in the service of Cadmus. Ares demanded vengeance for the serpent guardian's death and Cadmus was sentenced by a divine court to become a bondsman to Ares for a Great Year. A great year was 100 months. One myth says the teeth sown by Jason were left over from those Cadmus sowed at Thebes.
Echion means serpent. Udaeus means of the earth, a word etymologically related to Udeaus is the Greek "dak" which means "the bite and teeth of dogs." Dak also means ring-shaped, as in daktylios. Temple thinks this refers to the orbit of Sirius B around Sirius A, to arcs, etc. But the actual meanings are rings and the biting of dogs which to Temple has no significance other than as references to Sirius B and its elliptical orbit. This is in fact part of the DT and not related to Sirius at all.
In a related myth, Zeus's wife Hera set a 100 eyed monster named Argus to watch over Io. Argus was lulled to sleep by Hermes who played soothing tunes on the pipes of Pan and so was able to kill Argus. (Reference to Pan traditions taking over where once Argo traditions prevailed.) It should be noted that the constellation Argo does not really resemble a boat, but rather is a large, sprawling, shapeless constellation whose 50 or so stars wink like many eyes due to their proximity to the haze of the horizon, where the constellation appears. In this respect, Argo is like Argus, a shapeless monster-mass of blinking eyes like the protoplasmic beings in "At the Mountains of Madness" called Shoggoths (CM). The same constellation could also be viewed as a shapeless mass of waving tentacles with the bright Canopus as its single eye. Those who see Argo as a boat see Canopus as its rudder. Each of these views require powerful feats of imagination.
The word cyclopes in Greek means "ring eyed." Polyphemus had one eye. The cylopes was later considered a solar emblem. The older cyclopes were three wild ring-eyed sons of Gaia, the earth goddess. Just as in Egypt, solar deities gained ascendancy over all other in later Greece and one culture was replaced with another. Originally, the female deity of Delphi was Gaia. This position was usurped by Apollo in later Mycenaean times as a hostile intrusion - and it was a takeover by other people.
Uranus and Gaia (sky and earth) gave birth to 3 monsters, Cottus, Briareus and Gyges. From their shoulders sprung a hundred invincible arms and above these powerful limbs rose fifty heads attached to their backs. For this reason, they are called Hecatoncheises (100 hands) or the Centimanes. They resemble the Hound of Hades, Cerberus, who originally had 50 heads, later simplified to 3. Cerberus was Hecate's pet. Hecate was a form of Isis-Osiris and the name literally means 100. Hecate had 3 heads of forms.
Cottus was the name of the ancestors of the Cottians, who worshiped the orgiastic Catytto, a worship originating in Thrace. These tribes are described as hundred handed and their priestesses were organized in colleges of fifty. They had war bands organized in hundreds, like the early Roman centurions (cent means 100).
Since Hercules was an earlier form of Jason and Briarcus (son of Uranus and Gaia) an earlier form of Hercules, we have here the earliest form of the Argonautic legend, with Briar the 50-headed captain whose name means "strength and weight" as in dense nucleic star matter?, and whose brother's name means orbit and oarsman.
Note that in the sky, the pertinent constellations form a portrait; a battle in the sky with Orion a hunter containing the star Betelgeuse facing the bull Taurus, containing the star Aldebaren and the Hyades star cluster. At Orion's back stand Sirius and the two Hounds Canis Major and Canis Minor, and further behind them the constellation Argo. Aldebaren forms a red eye for the bull. The girdle of Orion has 3 linearly placed stars. One may view this as Orion the hunter attacking the Hyades, backed by hunting hounds and the great shapeless hundred-eyed Argus monster or the single eyed Canopus with a hundred limbs. This is very suggestive in terms of the Cthulhu Mythos: in "Trail of Cthulhu: House on Curwin Street" Hastur the Unspeakable shall return from the dark star which is in the Hyades near Aldebaren. In Chambers "The King in Yellow: The Yellow sign" ...when from Carcosa, the Hyades, Hastur and Aldebaren. Betelgeuse is given by the CM as the seat of the Elder Gods (they battle the CM entities).
In Greek, the word for dog is Kuon and Anubis is sometimes referred to as this. There is an etymological link between the Siren, an amphibian creature and Sirius. There were 50 Nereids, another sea life form of Greek myth.
Echidna bore a dreadful brood to Typhon (at this time, Typhon is not connected to Set), namely Cerberus. Typhon was identified with Python whom Apollo, the sun god, slew. Python was Sirius and two headed. Orthrus was a dog identified with Sirius, the brother of Cerberus. Thus Typhon was the father of Orthus and his brother Cerberus. Temple admits Typhon means a kind of comet with smoke and vapor (Velikovsky: Worlds in Collision), but Temple also makes Typhon to be a reference to the invisible obscure Sirius B because Typhon is the father of Sirius-Orthrus and Typhon implies the obscurity of an invisible moving star and Typhon's son Cerberus has 50 heads. A related term is the Egyptian Tepht or Tep which means a hole in the ground, such as when the rotting corpse of Python (Typhon) was placed under the Oracle of Delhi when Apollo slew it. This cavern or den produced sulphurous flames. Orthrus was the dog of the herdsman Euryton, so Temple has Orthrus being Sirius and the herdsman Euryton his companion Sirius B. Robert Graves compared Euryton to the Sumerian Gilgamesh's companion Enkidu
Temple believes werewolf stories persisted in Arcadia among the Pelasgians because they retained the Anubis dog traditions as a wolf (There were no dogs in Arcadia). Apollo was wolfian or had a wolf form.
Note also that out of 39 constellations, by one system of star charting, 20 figure in this Sirius lore or else depict figures directly representative of the sea, e.g., a whale, fishes, etc. This would not surprise one who knew these constellations originated in Sumeria.
The Greek world, in addition to what is known of cultures antedating it, evidences a geographically precise system of temple building and sacred cities and sites based on Sirius lore.
For example. if one takes the aforementioned constellation Argo and projects it on the earth so that its rudder, which is the star Canopus, sits on the pre dynastic Egyptian capital named Canopus (later Behdet) and its prow at Dodona where the oak for the prow of Jason's Argo came from, one can hold the stern firmly at Canopus and rotate the ship eastwards at the prow until the prow points to Mt. Aratat (or Ararat) where Noah's ark landed and then the arc described is exactly 90 degrees.
There is a sacred system of oracle centers starting at Behdet. This system is based on the number 7. Behdet is on the 31 degree 30 minutes N. latitude; 1 degree north of Behdet at 32 degrees 30 minutes is the oracle center El Morj; at 33 degrees 30 minutes is Knosius; at 36 degrees 30 minutes is Kythera; at 37 degrees 30 minutes is Delos; at 38 degrees 30 minutes is Delphi. The eight or octave, which repeats the tonic as in music to make a scale based on seven tones would be Dodona at 39 degrees 30 minutes. These sites are spaced precisely 1 degree of latitude apart. Behdet was considered the center of the ancient world. It is the main tonic in this scale, i.e., the lowest or southernmost tone. Even other countries appear to have located their main cities, such as Minrod, Sardis, Susa, Persepolis and even ancient Chinese cities such as An-Yung, according to a system using Egypt as the center of the world, much like our Greenwich meridian of longitude. Behdet was at the mouth of the Nile as the prime meridian. Behdet is located at the geographic center of all land masses, i.e., on the meridian of longitude having the greatest length of land running North-South, and on the line of the latitude having the greatest length land running East-West. Behdet was considered the center of the world, Delphi the navel of the world. Memphis, the first capital of united Egypt, was also on the same meridian of longitude as Behdet but at a latitude 6 degrees north of the tropic. Omphalos or stone navels were placed to mark out these key meridians of longitude and latitude, e.g., at Thebes where one sat in the main room of the temple of Ammon where meridian and parallel actually cross. The worship centers of Jews and Arabs also fit into this scheme, like the Kaaba at Mecca which dates from pre historic times and was supposedly established by Abraham.
These omphalos stones were spread over with nets or meshes representing latitude and longitude meshes of lines, according to Temple. Representations of Oannes show him carrying a basket with a mesh on it. Representations of bird-gods such as Ashur of the Assyrians show a bird holding the same basket, his scales replaced now by feathers. This warp and woof of the sacred basket of Oannes/Dagon survived as the lyknos basket of the Greek Demeter who succeeded the Philistine fish-tailed Dagon as an agricultural deity, but retaining Dagon's basket. The Dogons also set much store in warp and woof weaving and in sacred baskets which are not literal baskets.
The sacredness of the number 7 in the Greek culture is evidenced by not only a 7 tones diatonic scale such as ours, 7 oracle centers and an eighth, the octave, but also 7 vowels, 7 strings on Apollo's lute, the mystic and unspeakable name of god consisted of 7 vowels spoken by running them together in one breath. Or Om. (This is LT and DT - 7 Light, 5 Dark). Egyptian priests are described by Demetrius of Phalerum as uttering this sound. He said it sounded musical as if lute and lyre were used. 7 planets (considered to be stars that move freely, i.e., they looked small, like stars looked, but they moved) - note also 7 chakras or psycho-physical energy centers in the body (6 in the body, the 7th outside).
Omphe of omphalos not only contains an Om but it means "sacred voice" or "speaking of Om."
Each omphalos center at each latitude has its own patron tree, planet and divine birth, e.g., Jupiter rules Knosius and the palm tree ruled Delos. Apollo and Artemis-Diane were born on Delos, Pallas Athena on Lake Tritona. The cult at Delphi was originally of Gaia, later Apollo. Dodona was connected with Zeus. His son Apollo seems to have been inserted somewhat awkwardly into the Greek pantheon when solar gods (and cultures that were solar) gained ascendancy later on, just as they did in Egypt. Minoan Cretans, contemporaneous and trading with ancient Egypt, took Apollo worship from Knossus to Delphi. The Hyperboreans supposedly sent certain Hyperborean gifts to Delus by way of Dodona to Delos's north. Dioderus Siculus wrote of Hyperboreans observing celestial objects through a kind of telescope. Recently, near Kythera, was found an ancient computer inside a shipwreck. This remarkable machine, from the 1st century BC, was on the cover of Scientific American.
There is evidence that a related system of sacred center existed in what is now Russia in the 6th century BC, as if carried there, key positions along the Dnieper were identified corresponding with key positions on the Nile, right up to the point of transferring Egyptian place names to Russia. It is also known that some of the Argonauts went to what is now Georgia, and the Macedonians, a Slavic people, were familiar with this system.
The inscription "E" is prominent, the 5th letter (part of DT/LT). At the Delphic shrine. Even classical Greeks retained no memory as to its meaning probably due to the patriarchal solar cults wiping out all vestiges of the DT which was associated with a prior matriarchal period. E is the 5th letter of Greek alphabet, named "ei," a diphthong or double vowel. In Plutarch's time it denoted the number 5. It is the Greek word for "if" and also the second person singular (in grammar) of "to be," i.e., "thou art" or "you are." Some say a Minoan E was transferred to Delphi and there, not understood, associated with Apollo. E was the Greek's 2nd vowel and the sun was considered the 2nd planet or free moving star after the moon, and the Greeks identify the sun with Apollo who is sacred to the Delphic shrine. Delphi is the second oracle center from the north below Dodona.
The Greeks also had a cycle based on 60 called a Daidalia (60 years).
The planet Uranus may have been known to the ancients and identified with Sirius B as being invisible. Proclus mentions spheres which carry the stars that are concealed from us. Temple interprets this to mean invisible celestial objects.
Pinder called Pan "the shape shifting dog of the Great Goddess Gaia." Sirius is envisioned in the ancient world as a kind of eighth planet and Pan as the ruler of the Cosmos.
There are rare and little known Greek references to more primal gods than Zeus, et. al. Kronos, not the original ruler of Mt. Olympus, usurped dominion over Mt. Olympus and the sky in a battle. Mt. Olympus's prior custodian and ruler was Ophioneus (DT stuff). This name is connected with Ophis, snake and is a snake like monster of the type of Typhoneus appearing in Hesiod's Theogony. Ophioneus has a consort, the Oceanid Eurynome, while Kronis is helped by the female Rhea. Thus Kronos, who represents time, encountered and battled an inchoate, unformed monster which preceded time. The victor, Kronos, has possession of the sky and became or remained the superior god. Thereafter Ophion (Ophioneus) and Eurynome had already ruled on Olympus and were trying to repel a challenge. This clearly speaks of cultural battles if you know what else was going on outside of these myths.
Eurynome is called an Oceanid, meaning a daughter of Okeanos. Okeanos and Tethys were sometimes called the first gods. Therefore Ophion and Eurynome are second generation in that they themselves replaced the still earlier rulers of the sky, Ouranos and Gaia. Zeus was only a child when Kronos usurped power from Ophion. An earlier form of Zeus was Zas (the Turkic or Lemnian Sais even earlier), later displaced Kronos. There was another Oceanid named Callirhoe who produced the snake woman Echidna, who mated with Ophioneus, bearing the dreadful brood Cerberus. (A system of DT where there are FIVE main "deities" or "daimones" preceded the more LT oriented system of 7. Eurynome, Echidna, Ophion, Callirhoe and also Cthonie are the 5 daimones protectors of the "house" shown on the Pythagorean pentacle - the circle around the pentacle denotes the barrier between Light and Dark and it is protected by the hounds/furies. Likewise this system was usurped by sun worshiping patriarchal people who finally took over completely via Perecles, by armed force.)
Just as Kronos battled Ophion, Zeus battled Typhoneus. Cosmic fights with these monstrous snake gods not exclusive to Greece, but are found all over the Near East in both Semitic and Indo-European contexts. In a Hurrian-Hittite story, the storm god defeats the dragon Illuyanka. The Egyptian dragon Apap is overcome nightly by the sun god Re in his journey under the earth (this is how they viewed the sun's rising and setting). Typhoneus/Typhon is equated with the Egyptian Set/Seth only much later.
These myths do not imply that the defeated side is destroyed. The result of these wars is actually that the loser deities and winner deities are assigned different portions of existence as a result of the battle. So if once "-" was the name of the Sun, it would then become the name of something more remote and of lesser importance. The loser of the Ophioneus-Kronos battle falls into Ogenos. Zeus later creates earth and sea as we know them, sky's existence being implicit in Zeus. Zeus's defeated enemies are assigned as their sphere of activity, Tartarus. The 3 giants, Briareus, Kottos, and Gyges are polar giants imprisoned in their circle by Kronos. Their jail is surrounded by a barrier or wall of bronze and the exit is through gates fabricated by Poseidon which they cannot cross (this is pure DT, Pentamychos type stuff). It is a damp jail or region where there is eternal darkness.
KEY: Many of the older cults, gone underground or into the esoteric guilds like the Pythagoreans, would use the planets to disguise what they were saying. The mychos or "caves of the hidden in darkness" was called Jupiter; space was called Venus; time was called Sun; the element of fire (elektros diastasis) was called Mars; wind (Phos) was called Mercury; water (Demiurgos also) was called Saturn; and earth was called Moon. In the esoteric sense then, and they wrote this down, if they referred to Saturn they'd be talking about the Demiurgos. If they spoke about Sun, they'd be talking about time were as prior, Kronos referred to time. Kronos group was overthrown, probably persecuted so they'd code their words. The DT stuff was at this time, completely esoteric. As said previously, Eurynome, Echidna, Ophion, Callirhoe and also Cthonie are the 5 daimones protectors of the "house" shown on the Pythagorean pentacle - the circle around the pentacle denotes the barrier between Light and Dark and it is protected by the hounds/furies. The actual angles that each of these Daimones protects would be Eurynome defends the principle of Hypopteros Drys; Echidna protects the principle of Dike; Ophion protects the anima within and one's own Demiurge; Callirhoe
protects the principle of Psyche or yogic inner harmony; and Cthonie protects the principle of nature and the pure heart. This is the Pythagorean doctrine and it is identical to Tantra, which was never persecuted. (See Tantra, Vajrayana and Pythagoreanism sold on this website - see AD). These might be seen as abstract concepts, but if they are explained clearly - there are many people who can clearly understand these things; they are simply felt, experienced and measured in nature. Contrary to what some think, the ancient world was filled with groups that would shroud their knowledge in myths and secrecy. This is very well known, that they did this.
Some Greek theogonies say Zas, Cthonie and Chronus (space, matter and time) pre existed all gods. Zas, an earlier form of Zeus, is connected to Zatheos (soth again). Preceding these three was Chaos. This is a portion of the cosmogenesis DT stuff.
Triton is the son of Amphitritite and Poseidon. Below the waist Triton is a fish or dolphin, above the waist a man. The dolphin was placed for his service by Poseidon in the constellations becoming Capricornus, the goat, whose hind quarters are that of a dolphin. Goats were sacrificed to Amphitrite and the Nereids (50 sea nymphs) on the sea shore. The shield of Zeus, the Aegis, was made of the skin of the goat Amalthaea. This shield represents divine protection.
The Greeks believed the ancestors of the Hellenic races were the river gods, all of them sons of the primeval ocean. For them the ocean was the father of the Gods.
Note again, the earlier form of Zeus as Zas (and the Lemnian Sais) connected to the zatheos, i.e. containing the syllable of soth again. Zeus has been portrayed with his legs grown together like a merman. In this connection, the Dogon association of genital mutilation (circumcision) with the Nommo appears when Kronos shears off the genitals of Ouranos his father and prior ruler of the world. Aphrodite was formed from severed parts that fell into the seas to make foam.
The Mellisae were priestesses, especially those of the Delphic Apollo.
BABYLONIAN
There was a Babylonian monarch named Naram-Sin, king of Eshunna, connected with the five degree omphalos or cultic center at Kythera. This center was dedicated to Aphrodite in the Greek world.
One fragment of Berossus about Babylonian history tells a creation story in which, in the beginning, were only darkness and an abyss of waters where resided monsters with parts of different species mixed together. Delineations of these monsters, Berossus says, were preserved in the temple of Belus at Babylon. (cf CM section where Zadok Allen mentions Belial and Babylonish abominations). Presiding over them was the woman Omoroca, which in Chaldean is Thalatth which the Greeks express Thalassa, the sea, but according to the most true computation, it is equivalent to Selene, the moon. Belus came and cut the woman asunder. One half of her he formed into the earth, the other half the heavens and he also destroyed the animals in the abyss. Belus cut off his own head upon which the other gods mixed the gushing blood with the earth to form men, making men rational and partakers of divine knowledge. Men call Belus "Dis." He divided the darkness, separated the heavens from the earth, and reduced the universe to order. But the animals so lately created were not able to bear the prevalence of light and so died. Belus saw the vast uninhabited space left, ordered one of the gods to take off his head, and when taken off they were to mix the blood with the soil of the earth to form other men and animals capable of bearing the light. Belus also formed stars, sun, moon and five planets. Belus's queen was Beltis. (Beltis Zapuna later on became Beelzebub, a male evil creature).
Helladius tells of Oe from the Red Sea who taught astronomy and letters. Some say he came out of a great egg whence his name, Oe, which means "egg born," but others say he only seemed like a fish because he was clothed in the skin of a sea creature. He exited in a strange suit from some kind of vessel, likened to an egg, that fell into the sea. The egg like vessel was luminous or like a fiery star.
The Chaldeans also had a cycle of time based on 60 called a Saros (360 years). A neros was 600 years.
The Nabatheans were a caste devoted to Nebo, god of secret wisdom, an occult brotherhood. Nebo was the deity of the planet Mercury, Nabo to the Greeks. The Nabatheans were one group against whom the laws of Moses were enacted. Nebo is the oldest god of wisdom of Babylonia. Nebo was the son of Zarpa-nitu (moon) and Merodach (sun). Nebo was the overseer among the seven gods of the planets. Nebo was originally the deity of the visible universe who was the bolt or binder of its several parts together. He was the bond of the universe. The ziggurat or planet tower of his temple at Borsippa was called the house of seven bonds of heaven and earth. Nebo was thus a god of all heavenly bodies. At Borsippa Nebo was considered the supreme god, the creator of the universe. Some speculate that Nebo is connected to the words Bo, Bod, Boden, Buddha and even Fo in China, sacred Eastern words and even Wo, Wod, and Woden of the Scandinavians. The day sacred to Woden is Wednesday, the same day which is sacred to Buddha in India and sacred to Nebo among the Akkadians. Wednesday is also sacred to the Ophites. It was on the fourth day, i.e., Wednesday, that genesis says the planets were created as signs for the wise.